Historical sources have preserved information about the ethnic composition of the population of Çaycuma, located in the territory of Western Armenia.

According to the 1916 Bolu Provincial Yearbook, the Çaycuma district was home to 11,600 Muslims, 370 Greeks, and 34 Armenians, for a total population of 12,004.

The source states that the settlement had two mosques, a madrasa, three primary schools, a church, a Greek primary school, as well as an inn and a bathhouse.

These data indicate that Çaycuma had a multiethnic and multireligious population that also included Armenians and Greeks. They are important for studying the historical demography of settlements in Western Armenia.